TULISAN

HISTORY OF COMPUTER

In its most basic form a computer is any device which aids humans in performing various kinds of computations or calculations. In that respect the earliest computer was the abacus, used to perform basic arithmetic operations.

Every computer supports some form of input, processing, and output. This is less obvious on a primitive device such as the abacus where input, output and processing are simply the act of moving the pebbles into new positions, seeing the changed positions, and counting. Regardless, this is what computing is all about, in a nutshell. We input information, the computer processes it according to its basic logic or the program currently running, and outputs the results.

Modern computers do this electronically, which enables them to perform a vastly greater number of calculations or computations in less time. Despite the fact that we currently use computers to process images, sound, text and other non-numerical forms of data, all of it depends on nothing more than basic numerical calculations. Graphics, sound etc. are merely abstractions of the numbers being crunched within the machine; in digital computers these are the ones and zeros, representing electrical on and off states, and endless combinations of those. In other words every image, every sound, and every word have a corresponding binary code.

While abacus may have technically been the first computer most people today associate the word “computer” with electronic computers which were invented in the last century, and have evolved into modern computers we know of today.

TUGAS III SOFTSKIIL

1. Pengertian Possessive Adjective

Possessive adjective adalah determiner (special adjective) yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kepemilikan (possession) terhadap noun.

Subject    Possesive adjective
I                  my
You          your
They         their
We             our
He              his
She            her
It               its
 possesive adjective menggunakan : my, your, their,our, his, her, its lalu diiringi oleh noun, contoh:
 dr.Rina is my doctor (dr.Rina adalah dokterku)
Rani  is his student (Rani  adalah muridnya)
Anita is your girl friend (Anita adalah pacarmu)

2. Pengertian Possessive Pronoun

Possessive Pronoun adalah kata ganti yang berfungsi untuk menunjukkan kepemilikan. Di dalam suatu kalimat, kata ini dapat menempati posisi sebagai subject, subject complement. 

CONTOH :

• My brother’s study table was pink. Mine was light blue. (Meja belajar saudara saya merah muda. Punya saya biru muda.)
• I hate my job. Do you hate yours? (Saya benci pekerjaan saya. Apa kamu benci (pekerjaanmu)?)

3. Pengertian Reflexive Pronouns

Reflexive Pronouns adalah kata ganti yang digunakan untuk mewakili atau menunjukkan kembali ke subject pada suatu kalimat. Pada Reflexive Pronouns diakhiri dengan kata –self untuk subject tunggal (singular) dan –selves untuk subject jamak (plural). Untuk informasi selengkapnya mengenai penggunaan dari Reflexive Pronouns, silahkan perhatikan tabel berikut:

Arti	Reflexive Pronouns
Diriku/ Diri saya	Myself	Tunggal (Singular)
Dirimu (1 orang)	Yourself
Dirinya (laki-laki)	Himself
Dirinya (perempuan)	Herself
Dirinya (benda/ binatang)	Itself
Dirimu (lebih dari 1 orang)	Yourselves	Jamak (Plural)
Diri mereka	Themselves
Diri kita	Ourselves

Contoh Kalimat Reflexive Pronouns

I enjoy myself today. (Saya menikmati diri saya hari ini.)

Why do you hit yourself? (Kenapa kamu memukul dirimu?)

4. GERUND

Gerund adalah kata benda yang dibentuk dari penambahan akhiran -ing pada kata kerja. 

Contoh : 

- buy  ---> buying

- read ---> reading

- teach---> teaching

- play  ---> playing

- learn ---> learning

1. Verb

    Pola : S +V+GERUND

 Contoh :

- They avoid discussing too much.

- She enjoys talking about the topic.

2. Preposition

   Pola: PREPOSITION+GERUND+S+V

Contoh :

- Before watching TV, they have to finish their task.

- After reading the letter, he looked very sad.

5.  Infinitives

Infinitive adalah verbal berbentuk kata kerja dasar yang umumnya ditambah to di depannya, misalnya to eat,

Infinitive sebagai kata sifat (adjective)
- I have no time to go.
- The desire to success is strong in youth.
- I have had the money to pay this ticket.

Infinitive sebagai kata keterangan (adverb)
- I come to meet you.y, to run, to work, to study.

6.  AFFIRMATIVE AGREEMENT (so. too. and also)

Sebenarnya kata so, too, dan also mempunyai arti yang sama yaitu juga, pula, pun. Tapi dalam penggunaannya terdapat perbedaan, so digunakan sebelum tobe(s) dan auxilliaries(kata bantu).

Example:

1. My wife will talk to him and so will I

2. My wife has talked about it, and so have I

3. My wife talked about it, and so did I

4. My wife is talking about it, and so am I

Sedangkan too dan also digunakan setelah tobe(s) dan auxilliaries.

Example:

1. My wife will talk to him and I will too

2. My wife has talked about it, and I have too

3. My wife talked about it, and I did also

4. My wife is talking about it, and I am also

NEGATIVE AGREEMENT (neither and either)

Hampir sama dengan penjelasan affirmative agreement di atas, neither dan either memiliki arti yang sama yaitu: tidak keduanya, atau kedua-duanya tidak.
Untuk neither digunakan sebelum auxilliary verb, for example:
1. My roommate won't go, and neither will I
2. My roommate hasn't gone, and neither have I
3. My roommate doesn't go, and neither do I
4. My roommate isn't going, and neither am I

SUMBER :

http://hikmawandiny.blogspot.com/2014/01/affirmative-and-negative-agreement.html

http://catatanbahasainggris.blogspot.com/2009/04/infinitives.html